Defibrillator with a multiple-mode interface

ABSTRACT

The present invention is directed to a defibrillator having both a manual and an AED mode with corresponding user commands for both modes. The defibrillator includes a door which conceals manual mode commands, such that opening of the door puts the defibrillator in the manual mode and simultaneously reveals the manual mode command buttons. In one actual embodiment, the door includes apertures which allow access to the AED command buttons. When the door is in the open position, a keypad is revealed having manual commands which preferably take the form of buttons. In another actual embodiment, the door includes a switch which senses when the door is opened and sends the defibrillator into manual mode. The door includes a front side having AED command buttons, and a back side having manual mode command buttons. The door conceals a keypad having further manual mode command buttons.

[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.09/945,333, filed Aug. 31, 2001, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Application No. 60/248,184, filed Nov. 13, 2000, the entirecontents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] This invention relates to a defibrillator, and more particularly,to a defibrillator having a multiple-mode interface which enables a userto operate the defibrillator in an AED mode or switch quickly to amanual mode.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] It is well known that the probability of surviving a heart attackoften depends critically on the speed with which appropriate medicalcare is provided. One of the most common and life threateningconsequences of a heart attack is the development of a cardiacarrhythmia such as ventricular fibrillation in which the heart is unableto pump a significant volume of blood. When such an arrhythmia occurs,serious brain damage and death may result unless a normal heart rhythmcan be restored within a few minutes. The most effective treatment forventricular fibrillation is the application of a strong electric shockto the patient. Such an electric shock frequently terminates the chaoticactivity characteristic of arrhythmia's, and restores the normal pumpingaction of the heart. Defibrillators for producing and delivering suchshocks have been known and successfully used for many years. However,the size and cost of prior defibrillators, coupled with the risk theypose if used improperly, have restricted the use of defibrillators tohospitals and to emergency medical facilities. Many lives would be savedeach year if defibrillators could be made more immediately available toheart attack victims.

[0004] The advances made in electronics have enabled the production ofsmall, lightweight, and automatic defibrillators, which are portableenough to be hand carried along with a patient while the patient isbeing transported on a gurney. Defibrillators have also become availablein many public gathering places. With such a proliferation of theselife-saving devices, there is a need for a defibrillator which may beused by inexperienced as well as highly qualified individuals. Automatedexternal defibrillators (AEDs), as they are called, are designed with aninfrequent practitioner in mind. AEDs typically have a simplifiedroutine which attempts to make even a nonpractitioner confident withusing the defibrillator with only a modicum of basic training. Most AEDsgenerally operate in a “semi-automatic mode.” For example, the LIFEPAK®500 AED manufactured by Medtronic Physio-Control Corp. and theFORERUNNER™ AED manufactured by Agilent Technologies have at least twocommand buttons: (1) an “on” button, and (2) a shock button whichdelivers a defibrillation pulse to the patient. In addition, theLIFEPAK® 500 AED includes a third button that prompts the AED to analyzethe patient to determine whether shock treatment is indicated bymonitoring the patient's heart rhythms or electrocardiogram (ECG).Manual delivery of “shock” treatment by pressing a button imparts to theuser the seriousness of the event. However, the “shock” button can beeliminated so that the AED delivers the defibrillation pulse to thepatient automatically and without human intervention upon detection of ashockable rhythm. Such AEDs are typically referred to as operating in an“automatic” mode. For purposes of the following description, the term“AED mode” may apply to either an automatic or semi-automatic mode.

[0005] While the operation of AED controls may appear intuitive, it isto be remembered that AEDs are used in highly stressful situations,where little time for deliberate thought is available. In short, arescuer must act fast and has little time to decipher the controls on acomplicated piece of equipment in which he may have only received basictraining. Consequently, the user interface for such AEDs must be assimple and uncluttered as possible. However, AED manufacturers are alsostriving to provide more sophisticated controls for those highly trainedindividuals who arrive at the care giving location at a later time.These more experienced personnel are fully comfortable with adefibrillator and an array of many user input commands to morespecifically tailor the shock treatment to the patient. Therefore,attempts are being made to combine a simplified or “AED mode” forinfrequent rescuers and a “manual mode” for skilled rescuers in onedefibrillator apparatus. The goal is to provide a visually unclutteredappearance and somehow differentiate between modes for an infrequentrescuer so as not to befuddle the rescuer, while at the same timeproviding a host of manual user input commands for the highly trainedindividual.

[0006] Several approaches have been attempted with varying degrees ofdistinction between manual and AED modes. For example, the LIFEPAK® 300AED manufactured by Medtronic Physio-Control Corp. can be operated in asemi-automatic mode or a manual mode. To enter the manual mode, therescuer simply had to press a manual access button located on the frontpanel of the AED. The remaining buttons on the front panel are soft keysthat remain accessible and change function according to the mode of thedefibrillator and the corresponding message on the defibrillator'sdisplay. Other manufacturers have attempted to use brightly colored ormarked command buttons or dials to distinguish between different modes.Unfortunately, in both these approaches, the rescuer is forced tointerpret and differentiate between buttons, softkeys and/or displays orotherwise read and process information, in order to operate the devicewhich only increases the possibility of human error.

[0007] In U.S. Pat. No. 6,021,349 to Arand et al., an attempt is made todeal with the problem by hiding a “change to manual personality” buttonbehind an access door to prevent accidental depression of the manualbutton and send the defibrillator into a manual “personality” withoutthe rescuer becoming aware. However, as with the LIFEPAK® 300 AED, theremaining buttons on the front panel of the defibrillator remainaccessible and change function according to the mode of thedefibrillator and the corresponding message on the defibrillator'sdisplay. Consequently, this approach does not solve the problem ofproviding an uncluttered user interface to prevent the rescuer fromhaving to interpret and distinguish manual command buttons from AEDcommand buttons.

[0008] Accordingly, there is a need for a defibrillator having manual,semi-automatic and/or automatic modes which provides a clean andintuitive user interface for selecting, operating, and switching betweensuch modes. However, unintentional shift of the defibrillator from onemode to another should be prevented.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The present invention is directed to a defibrillator having botha manual and an AED mode with corresponding user commands for bothmodes. The defibrillator includes a door which conceals manual usercommands, such that upon initiating a motion associated with the door,such as activation of a latch or opening of the door, the defibrillatoris put into the manual mode, while revealing the manual commands.

[0010] In one actual embodiment, the door includes apertures which allowaccess to the AED mode user commands. The door also includes an assemblywith a latch to hold the door in the closed position and an actuatorslide the user presses to unlatch and open the door. The actuator slideis accessible while the door is closed. Operation of the actuator slidedepresses a button to send the defibrillator into manual mode while thedoor is closed, and also releases the latch which allows the door toopen, concurrently with or slightly after sending the defibrillator intomanual mode. When the door is in the open position, a keypad is revealedhaving manual mode user commands which in one actual embodiment, takesthe form of buttons.

[0011] In another embodiment, the door includes a switch which senseswhen the door is open and sends the defibrillator into manual mode. Inthis embodiment, the door includes a front side having AED mode usercommand buttons, and a back side having manual mode user commandbuttons. The back side is visible when the door is opened. The door alsoconceals a keypad on the defibrillator having further manual mode usercommands.

[0012] A defibrillator constructed in accordance with the presentinvention would thus obtain numerous benefits. For example, thedefibrillator of the present invention achieves an unclutteredappearance for use by an infrequent user by concealing those commandswhich are not necessary while the defibrillator is in the AED mode, yetretains more complex features for the more experienced user that can beaccessed when the door is opened.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages ofthis invention will become more readily appreciated as the same becomebetter understood by reference to the following detailed description,when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0014]FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a defibrillator formedin accordance with the present invention;

[0015]FIG. 2 shows a defibrillator formed in accordance with the presentinvention showing a door having access to AED mode buttons while thedoor is closed;

[0016]FIG. 3 shows the defibrillator of FIG. 2 when the door is opened,revealing a keypad having manual mode command buttons;

[0017]FIG. 4 shows a front plan view of a door constructed in accordancewith the present invention;

[0018]FIG. 5 shows a back plan view of the door of FIG. 4;

[0019]FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of the door of FIG. 4;

[0020]FIG. 7 shows a front plan view of an alternative embodiment of adoor constructed in accordance with the present invention;

[0021]FIG. 8 shows a back plan view of the door of FIG. 7;

[0022]FIG. 9 shows an exploded view of the door of FIG. 7;

[0023]FIG. 10 shows a schematic representation of another embodiment ofthe defibrillator of FIG. 1 having AED mode command buttons on the frontside of the door;

[0024]FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of the defibrillator ofFIG. 10 when the door is opened, revealing manual mode buttons;

[0025]FIG. 12 shows a flowchart of the operation of a defibrillatorformed in accordance with the present invention; and

[0026]FIG. 13 shows a state diagram of the manual and AED modes of adefibrillator formed in accordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0027] While the preferred embodiment of the invention has beenillustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changescan be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention.

[0028]FIG. 1 provides a schematic representation of a multiple modedefibrillator 270 having an AED and manual mode which is suitable to usewith the present invention. The defibrillator 270 includes a housingcontaining a user interface panel or keypad 100, the keypad or panelitself having a plurality of user commands. The defibrillator alsoincludes a display screen 102 for communicating instructions to the useror displaying the patient's heart rhythms or other patient or userinformation. The defibrillator includes a central processing unit 104(“CPU”), for analyzing and processing the inputs and outputs receivedfrom the user, electrodes, periphery hardware and/or other medicalaccessories and sensors. Periphery hardware (not shown) may includeprinters, scanners, audio devices such as microphones and speakers, orother computers and the like. The defibrillator includes a memory 106for storing a set of instructions or programmable algorithms used tocarry out the processing of the information in both the manual and theAED modes. The defibrillator further includes sensors and other medicalaccessories 108 to be attached to a patient to monitor vital signs andother patient parameters, e.g., heart rhythms, SpO₂ level, CO₂ level,etc. The defibrillator also includes shock therapy delivery devices,such as hard paddles or disposable electrodes, to deliver a therapeuticelectric shock to the patient.

[0029] A first actual embodiment of the invention will now be describedwith reference to FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, the defibrillator 270 includes adoor 200 having hinges for attachment to the defibrillator housing 202.The door 200 is removable for maintenance. Certain command buttonslocated on the user interface panel 100 are visible from the front sideof the defibrillator 270 through apertures 204, 206 and 208 provided inthe door 200. Referring to FIG. 3, a first command button 271 (visiblethrough aperture 206) may, for instance, be used to power up or powerdown the defibrillator 270. A second command button 272 (visible throughaperture 204) may be used to prompt the defibrillator to analyze thepatient's heart rhythm to determine whether shock therapy is indicated.A third command button 274 (visible through aperture 208) may be used todeliver the therapy to the patient. While raised command buttons areillustrated, touch switches may alternately be employed withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the present invention. As will bedescribed in more detail below, additional command buttons for use inthe manual mode are also located on the user interface panel 100, butare hidden from view behind the door 200 when in the closed position. Inaddition, the defibrillator 270 may also include a knob 218 for gross orfine tuning of information shown on the display monitor 102. Thedefibrillator includes a port (not shown) for connecting to a second ECGmonitor, a serial port (not shown) for connecting to any of a number ofperipheral devices and a plug 236 for connecting therapy elements usedto delivery therapy to a patent's heart. Although these ports,connectors and input devices are not shown in FIG. 2 as being hiddenbeneath the door 200, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognizethat in other embodiments such components could be located beneath thedoor so as to further simplify the user interface for the inexperiencedrescuer, for example, the ECG and SpO₂.

[0030] In one actual embodiment, only the user command buttons 271, 272and 274 are accessible through the apertures 206, 204 and 208 when thedefibrillator 270 is in the AED mode. Accordingly, when thedefibrillator 270 is powered up and the door 200 is in the closedposition, the defibrillator is in the AED mode and only the AED commandbuttons are visible and accessible to the user. In addition to apertures206, 204 and 208, the door 200 may also contain at least one aperture210 for viewing status lights. The status lights may, for instance,indicate that the defibrillator 270 is powered and ready to deliver ashock therapy. It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in theart that the door 200 may contain any number of apertures deemednecessary for the industrial design of the defibrillator 270 dependingon the number of features, e.g., command buttons, status indicators,etc. that are desired to be revealed to the user. For example, apertures208 could be removed from the door 200 so as to hide the shock button274 and provide a user interface for a fully automatic externaldefibrillator, or in other words, a third mode. Conversely, additionalapertures may be provided for revealing additional features, such as aCPR prompt command button for triggering visual and/or aural CPRprompts. In addition to the number of apertures and buttons, those ofordinary skill in the art will also appreciate that the shape, size,configuration and location of the apertures and command buttons on thekeypad 100 and/or door 200 may vary without departing from the spiritand scope of the present invention.

[0031] Referring now to FIG. 4, the door 200 of the defibrillator 270illustrated in FIG. 2 is shown in more detail. The door 200 includes anassembly 211 for opening the door 200. The assembly 211 includes anactuator slide 212, a latch 230, and cover 228 (cover 228 is shown inFIG. 5). The front side of actuator slide 212 has a standing rib 222.The user presses the standing rib 222 to release a latch 230, which inturn, opens the door 200. Accordingly, standing rib 222 protrudesthrough an aperture 224 located on the lower portion of door 200.

[0032] Referring now to FIG. 6, an exploded view of an actuator assembly211 from the back side of door 200, the actuator slide 212, latch 230,and cover 228 are shown. Actuator slide 212 is mounted on door 200, suchthat the front side of the actuator slide 212 with standing rib 222faces the back side of door 200 and the standing rib 222 protrudesthrough the aperture 224 of the door when assembled. Actuator slide 212is held in place to door 200 by cover 228 which retains the actuatorslide within the door 200. Clips 232 and 238 molded onto door 200 retaincover 228 that allows actuator slide 212 to move in a horizontaldirection as will be described in more detail below.

[0033] The actuator slide 212, cover 228 and latch 230 cooperate witheach other to provide a closing mechanism for the door 200. Latch 230 islocated on the back side of door 200. Detailing on door 200, such asposts 226, help guide the latch 230 in vertical movement. Latch 230 isheld to door 200 by cover 228. Latch 230 includes a chamfer 246 locatedon the lower end of latch 230 so as to engage a hole in thedefibrillator device bezel (not shown) to secure the door 200 in aclosed position. Latch 230 also includes a post 244 locatedapproximately in the middle of the latch that engages the actuator slide212 as will be described in more detail below. Latch 230 is thusconstrained to move in a vertical direction by posts 226 on door 200.

[0034] The cover 228 is mounted to the door 200 such that actuator slide212 and latch 230 are substantially concealed by cover 228 as shown inFIG. 6. Cover 228 is held to door 200 by clip 232 located on the backside of door 200. Clip 232 has an upturned lip end 225 that engages ahorizontal aperture 234 and a groove 236 on the cover 228. On the bottomedge of door 200, another clip 238 with an upturned lip 216 is providedto retain cover 228 in position, along with clip 232. Thus, cover 228helps to retain actuator slide 212 and latch 230 in position on the door200 as shown in FIG. 5.

[0035] Returning to FIG. 6, the actuator slide 212 has an angled guideedge 240 formed within an aperture 242 to receive the post 244 of thelatch 230. Post 244 is formed from latch 230 and projects outwardly sothat a lower surface of the post 244 rides on the upper surface of guideedge 240. As the user presses the standing rib 222 and the actuatorslide 212 is moved horizontally in a direction toward the latch 230, theguide edge 240 pushes against post 244. Latch 230, being constrained tomove in a vertical direction, rises to raise chamfer 246, thuslyreleasing the door 200.

[0036] Actuator slide 212 also includes spring 248 formed within theaperture 242 that is pushed upward by the latch when door 200 is beingclosed. Tensioned spring 248 biases latch 230 downward so that latch 230snaps back forcibly to engage a device bezel. A second spring 250 formedintegrally with the actuator slide 212 biases actuator slide 212 awayfrom the latch 230 and opposes movement when the user pushes against thestanding rib 222 from the outside of the door 200.

[0037] Actuator slide 212 further includes a ramp 252 projectingoutwardly from the back side of the slide 212 to face the front side ofthe cover 228. In turn, cover 228 includes a ramp (not shown) located ona flexible cutout tongue 254 that faces the ramp 252 on actuator slide212. A hemispherical bump 256 is also located on the flexible cutouttongue 254 on the side opposite of the cover ramp (not shown). Slideramp 252 and cover ramp (not shown) have angled edges that ride againstone another. The cover 228 is stationary as the actuator slide 212 ismoved toward latch 230, and the ramps slide against one another, suchthat flexible tongue 254 moves in a direction away from the door 200 andtoward the defibrillator 270. As the actuator slide 212 continues tomove toward the latch 230, the bump 256 is further pushed backwards andpresses against an unmarked manual mode entry button 258 (FIG. 3)located on the user interface panel 100 of the defibrillator 270.Activation of the manual mode entry button 258 by the assembly 211 whilethe door 200 is in the closed position places the defibrillator in themanual mode. In one actual embodiment of the present invention, themanual mode button 258 remains unmarked, so as not to confuse the moreexperienced user upon opening of the door by perhaps providing anindication that an additional button must be pressed to switch modes.

[0038] The assembly 211 has four states: (1) When the door 200 isclosed, the actuator slide 212 is at the far right of its opening 224 inthe door 200, the slide spring 250 is relaxed, and the latch 230 is inan extended position, engaging a hole in the device bezel. (2) When thedoor 200 is open, the actuator slide 212 is right of its opening 224 inthe door 200, the slide spring 250 is relaxed, the latch 230 is in anextended position, and the door may be rotated up to about 270° from itsclosed position, and is resting against the side of the defibrillator.(3) When the door is being opened, i.e., the actuator slide 212 beingmoved to the left by the user, the slide 212 is left of its opening 224in the door, the slide spring 250 is flexed, the ramp 252 on the back ofthe slide 212 engages with a ramp on the cover 228, causing the tongue254 to flex, pushing the bump 256 against the manual mode button 258(FIG. 3). The pressure of the bump 256 on the keypad 100 “pre-loads” thedoor with an outward force, and the post 244 on the latch 230 has riddenup the angled edge 240 in the actuator slide aperture 242. This movesthe latch 230 vertically to its fully raised position, allowing the door200 to spring open due to the pre-loading of the door. (4) In the fourthstate, when the door 200 is being pressed closed by the user, the slide212 is right of its opening 224 in the door. The slide spring 250 isrelaxed, and the chamfer 246 on the latch 230 rides against the devicebezel. This causes the latch 230 to move vertically, and post 244 pushesagainst the spring member 248 in the actuator slide aperture 242. Thepressure against the spring member 248 by post 244 causes the latch 230to return to an extended position as soon as the chamfer 246 moves intoline with the hole in the bezel.

[0039] Referring now to FIGS. 7-9, an alternative embodiment of a door300 used with the defibrillator 270 described above and illustratedherein will now be described in more detail. In this embodiment, thedoor 300 includes apertures 306, 304, and 308 through which only theuser command buttons 271, 272 and 274 are accessible when thedefibrillator 270 is in the AED mode. Accordingly, when thedefibrillator 270 is powered up and the door 300 is in the closedposition, the defibrillator is in the AED mode and only the AED commandbuttons are visible and accessible to the user. In addition to apertures304, 306 and 308, the door 300 may also contain at least one aperture310 for viewing status lights. The status lights may, for instance,indicate that the defibrillator 270 is powered and ready to deliver ashock therapy. It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in theart that the door 300 may contain any number of apertures deemednecessary for the industrial design of the defibrillator 270 dependingon the number of features, e.g., command buttons, status indicators,etc. that are desired to be revealed to the user. For example, apertures308 could be removed from the door 300 so as to hide the shock button274 and provide a user interface for a fully automatic externaldefibrillator, or in other words, a third mode. Conversely, additionalapertures may be provided for revealing additional features of thedefibrillator 270. In addition to the number of apertures and buttons,those of ordinary skill in the art will also appreciate that the shape,size, configuration and location of the apertures and command buttons onthe keypad 100 and/or door 300 may vary without departing from thespirit and scope of the present invention.

[0040] Referring now to FIG. 7, the door 300 of the defibrillator 270includes an assembly 311 for opening the door 300. The assembly 311includes an actuator slide 312, a latch 330, and cover 328 (cover 328 isshown in FIG. 8). As best illustrated in FIG. 9, one end of actuatorslide 312 includes a transverse side wall having an inwardly extendingflange 322. A slot or groove 320 is formed in the transverse side wall,and is suitably dimensioned for receiving a finger, and especially thethumb, of the user. The user presses the slot 320 to release a latch330, which in turn, opens the door 300. Accordingly, the slot 320protrudes through an opening 324 located on the lower portion of door300, as illustrated in FIG. 7.

[0041] Referring now to FIG. 9, an exploded view of an actuator assembly311 from the back side of door 300, the actuator slide 312, latch 330,and cover 328 are shown. Actuator slide 312 is mounted on door 300, suchthat the end of the actuator slide 312 protrudes through the opening 324of the door when assembled. Actuator slide 312 is held in place to door300 by cover 328, which retains the actuator slide within the door 300.Clips 332 and 338 molded onto door 300 retain cover 328 and allowsactuator slide 312 to move in a horizontal direction, as will bedescribed in more detail below.

[0042] The actuator slide 312, cover 328, and latch 330 cooperate witheach other to provide a closing mechanism for the door 300. Latch 330 islocated on the back side of door 300. Detailing on door 300, such asposts 326, help guide the latch 330 in vertical movement. Latch 330 isheld to door 300 by cover 328. Latch 330 includes a chamfer 346 locatedon the lower end of latch 330 so as to engage a hole in thedefibrillator device bezel (not shown) to secure the door 300 in aclosed position. Latch 330 also includes a post 344 locatedapproximately in the middle of the latch that engages the actuator slide312, as will be described in more detail below. Latch 330 is thusconstrained to move in a vertical direction by posts 326 on door 300.

[0043] Referring still to FIG. 9, the cover 328 is mounted to the door300 such that actuator slide 312 and latch 330 are substantiallyconcealed by cover 328. As shown in FIG. 9, the cover 328 includes arectangular-shaped slot 329 positioned at its lower end. The slot 329 issuitably dimensioned to allow the flange portion 322 of the actuatorslide 312 to translate within the slot 329 so that the latch may bereleased, and the door may be opened. Cover 328 is held to door 300 byclip 332 located on the back side of door 300. Clip 332 has an upturnedlip end 339 that engages a horizontal aperture 334 and a groove 336 onthe cover 328. On the bottom edge of door 300, another clip 338 isprovided to retain cover 328 in position, along with clip 332. Thus,cover 328 helps to retain actuator slide 312 and latch 330 in positionon the door 300, as shown in FIG. 8.

[0044] Returning to FIG. 9, the actuator slide 312 has an angled guideedge 340 formed within an aperture 342 to receive the post 344 of thelatch 330. Post 344 is formed from latch 330 and projects outwardly sothat a lower surface of the post 344 rides on the upper surface of guideedge 340. As the user presses the slot 320 and the actuator slide 312 ismoved horizontally in a direction toward the hinged side of the door,the guide edge 340 pushes against post 344. Latch 330, being constrainedto move in a vertical direction, rises to raise chamfer 346, thuslyreleasing the door 300.

[0045] Actuator slide 312 also includes spring 348 formed within theaperture 342 that is pushed upward by the latch when door 300 is beingclosed. Tensioned spring 348 biases latch 330 downward so that latch 330snaps back forcibly to engage the device bezel. A second spring 350formed integrally with the actuator slide 312 biases actuator slide 312away from the hinged side of the door and opposes movement when the userpushes against the slot 320 from the outside of the door 300.

[0046] Actuator slide 312 further includes a ramp 352 tapering inwardlyfrom the back side of the slide 312 to face the front side of the cover328. In turn, cover 328 includes a ramp (not shown) located on aflexible cutout tongue 354 that faces the ramp 352 on actuator slide312. A hemispherical bump 356 is also located on the flexible cutouttongue 354 on the side opposite of the cover ramp (not shown). Slideramp 352 and cover ramp (not shown) have angled edges that ride againstone another. The cover 328 is stationary as the actuator slide 312 ismoved toward the hinged side of the door, and the ramps slide againstone another, such that flexible tongue 354 moves in a direction awayfrom the door 300 and toward the defibrillator 270. As the actuatorslide 312 continues to move toward the hinged side of the door, the bump356 is further pushed backwards and presses against an unmarked manualmode entry button 258 (FIG. 3) located on the user interface panel 100of the defibrillator 270. Activation of the manual mode entry button 258by the assembly 311 while the door 300 is in the closed position placesthe defibrillator in the manual mode. In one actual embodiment of thepresent invention, the manual mode button 258 remains unmarked, so asnot to confuse the more experienced user upon opening of the door byperhaps providing an indication that an additional button must bepressed to switch modes.

[0047] The assembly 311 has four states: (1) When the door 300 isclosed, the actuator slide 312 protrudes from the opening 324 in thedoor 300, the slide spring 350 is relaxed, and the latch 330 is in anextended position, engaging a hole in the device bezel. (2) When thedoor 300 is open, the actuator slide 312 protrudes from the opening 324in the door 300, the slide spring 350 is relaxed, the latch 330 is in anextended position, and the door may be rotated up to about 270° from itsclosed position, and is resting against the side of the defibrillator.(3) When the door is being opened, i.e., the actuator slide 312 beingmoved to the right by the user when facing the defibrillator, the slide312 is positioned right within the opening 324 in the door, the slidespring 350 is flexed, the ramp 352 on the back of the slide 312 engageswith a ramp on the cover 328, causing the tongue 354 to flex, pushingthe bump 356 against the manual mode button 258 (FIG. 3). The pressureof the bump 356 on the keypad 100 “pre-loads” the door with an outwardforce, and the post 344 on the latch 330 has ridden up the angled edge340 in the actuator slide aperture 342. This moves the latch 330vertically to its fully raised position, allowing the door 300 to springopen due to the pre-loading of the door. (4) In the fourth state, whenthe door 300 is being pressed closed by the user, the slide 312protrudes from the opening 324 in the door. The slide spring 350 isrelaxed, and the chamfer 346 on the latch 330 rides against the devicebezel. This causes the latch 330 to move vertically, and post 344 pushesagainst the spring member 348 in the actuator slide aperture 342. Thepressure against the spring member 348 by post 344 causes the latch 330to return to an extended position as soon as the chamfer 346 moves intoline with the hole in the bezel.

[0048] A door constructed according to either embodiment described abovemakes the manual mode button 258 (FIG. 3) accessible while the door isclosed via the actuator slide 212 or 312, which changes the mode of thedefibrillator from AED to manual mode. Concurrently with or shortlyfollowing the change of mode, the door latch is released, allowing thedoor to open and reveal the manual mode command buttons hidden beneathit. For clarity, the remaining description will be described withreferences to door 200. However, it will be appreciated by those skilledin the art that door 300 may also be utilized to change the mode of thedefibrillator from AED to manual mode.

[0049] Returning to FIG. 3, the door 200 conceals a user interface panelor keypad 100 having the manual and AED mode command buttons. Whilesoftkeys may be used, buttons are used in the actual embodiment of thepresent invention shown in FIG. 3. The user interface panel 100 includesa plurality of manual buttons 262, 264 and 266 which are to be usedwhile the defibrillator is in the manual mode. Manual mode button 258 isthe mode changing button which is activated with the assembly 211 whenthe door is in the closed position. However, as noted above, the keypad100 may contain any number of buttons for controlling or operating thedefibrillator in manual mode. In yet other embodiments and as notedabove, the user interface panel could include ports for the othermedical accessories and sensors which may be attached to thedefibrillator. Accordingly, if desired, the user interface of thedefibrillator 270 could be made devoid of any and all controls,features, etc. not necessary or desired by an inexperienced responder inAED mode. Entering into the manual mode can also trigger other changeswhich affect the operation of the defibrillator. For instance, theelectrocardiogram (“ECG”) feature may be activated upon the display 102to assist the experienced user in delivery of the appropriate shocktherapy, while features which aid the inexperienced or infrequent user,e.g., visual CPR prompts, are turned off or temporarily hidden from theinexperienced operator.

[0050] A door constructed in accordance with the present inventionpresents numerous advantages. The door provides an uncluttered userinterface for a less experienced user; the door conceals the manual modecommand buttons; and the door still provides access to a manual modebutton while the door is closed. Accordingly, the risk of aninexperienced user unintentionally opening the door 200 and placing thedefibrillator in manual mode and/or revealing manual mode commandbuttons that could be confusing to the inexperienced user, issubstantially reduced.

[0051]FIGS. 10 and 11 are a schematic representation of a defibrillator430 and a door 408 constructed in accordance with another actualembodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the AEDcommand buttons 402, 404 and 406 are located on the outside of the door408 itself rather than on a keypad beneath it. The defibrillator 430 anddoor 408 are equipped with a sensor such as a Hall effect switch or reedrelay switch (not shown) which detects the opening of the door 408 andputs the defibrillator into the manual mode. It will be appreciated,however, that the defibrillator of this embodiment may be equipped withan actuator slide mechanism and manual mode entry button as describedabove so as to enter manual mode.

[0052] As shown in FIG. 11, a user interface panel or keypad 410 isconcealed by the door 408 containing several manual user command buttons412-420. Also, located on the rear side of the door 408 are several moremanual user command buttons 422-428. It will be appreciated that thedoor 408 may contain any number of manual mode command buttons tocontrol various defibrillator functions and features, e.g., charge,energy select, cardio-synchroversion, alarms, etc. When the door 408 isrotated outwardly, the manual mode command buttons 412-428 are visible,both on the rear side of the door 408 and on the keypad 410. Hence, themanual mode command buttons are concealed behind the door when the dooris closed. As in the previous embodiment, the embodiment depicted inFIGS. 10 and 11 presents an inexperienced user with an unclutteredappearance while providing sophisticated manual features for the moreexperienced user, i.e., the manual mode command buttons being concealedby the door, and a door which changes the mode of the defibrillatorquickly and easily.

[0053] Referring now to FIG. 12, a flow chart is illustrated indicatingthe operation of the mode changing feature upon power up of thedefibrillator with the door in the closed position. In a block 600, thedefibrillator powers up—normally in response to depression of the “on”button 271. Next, the defibrillator enters the AED mode in a block 602.This is done regardless of whether the door is in the open state or theclosed state, or even if the door is missing. This is a safety featureused to put the burden on the expert user to place the defibrillator inthe manual mode.

[0054] Under normal circumstances, the door will most likely be closedwhen powering up, therefore, an action such as unlatching or opening thedoor and depressing the manual access button 258 via the actuatorassembly 211 in block 604, will send the defibrillator into manual mode,as shown in block 606. While in manual mode, several functions may beenabled, such as calling the ECG waveform display feature whiledisabling or hiding other features which are not necessary while in themanual mode.

[0055] If the door has been opened intentionally, the most likely eventto occur next under normal circumstances is to close the door 608, i.e.,after therapy has been delivered by the experienced user. This action,however, causes the defibrillator to remain in the manual mode,represented by block 610.

[0056] The next most likely event is that the defibrillator will bepowered down by the user by depressing the power button in block 612.When the defibrillator is powered up again, the defibrillator starts andreturns to the AED mode, as shown in blocks 600 and 602, again placingthe burden on the experienced user to affirmatively change from the AEDmode into the manual mode. Presumably, the experienced user will be morefamiliar with the features of the defibrillator, therefore the startupfailsafe state is the AED mode. Although FIG. 12 shows the order ofoperation of the mode changing feature in one actual embodiment of thepresent invention, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciatethat the order of certain steps can be changed, and that certain stepsthemselves can be changed and/or added/deleted without departing fromthe spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, in anotheractual embodiment of the present invention, the defibrillator may powerup in the manual mode and then time out to the AED mode if no furthercommand buttons are pushed or action taken. As yet another example, thedefibrillator could be powered down immediately or could return to AEDmode upon closing the door.

[0057] Finally, referring to FIG. 13, a state diagram shows the variousstates of the multiple mode defibrillator formed in accordance with thepresent invention with the door in the open and closed position. If thedefibrillator is in the powered down mode 700, powering up will put thedefibrillator into AED mode 702 regardless whether the door is opened orclosed. While in the AED mode 702, if the door had been open upon powerup (i.e., the user presses the on button 271 while the door is open) andthereafter closed 704, the defibrillator stays in the AED mode 702.However, if the door is closed at power up, and thereafter opened 706while in the AED mode 702, the defibrillator enters into the manual mode708. Thereafter, while in the manual mode 708, closing 704 or opening706 the door has no effect on the state or mode of the defibrillator,i.e., it remains in the manual mode 708 until the defibrillator ispowered down 700 and is powered up again. Accordingly, the defibrillatorexits the manual mode 708 to enter into the AED mode 702.

[0058] While the preferred embodiment of the invention has beenillustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changescan be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention. For example, to further secure the door in the closedposition and prevent unintentional opening by an inexperienced user, thedoor may be equipped with a lock for which an experienced user holds akey, combination or other unlocking mechanism. Further, the door may beof any shape or configuration necessary to hide access to the manualmode command buttons while still revealing the AED mode command buttonsthere through. For example, a door can be constructed having an assemblyfor opening the door with the rib located near the edge of the door.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property orprivilege is claimed are defined as follows:
 1. A defibrillator havingmultiple modes, comprising: a mode changing switch; and a door thatincludes an actuator that activates the switch to change thedefibrillator from a first mode to a second mode.
 2. The defibrillatorof claim 1, wherein the first mode is an automatic externaldefibrillator (AED) mode and the second mode is manual mode.
 3. Thedefibrillator of claim 1, wherein the door conceals second mode usercommands.
 4. The defibrillator of claim 3, wherein the second mode usercommands are push buttons.
 5. The defibrillator of claim 1, wherein thedoor has a first side, a second side, first mode user commands locatedon the first side of the door, and second mode user commands located onthe second side of the door.
 6. The defibrillator of claim 1, whereinthe door has a plurality of apertures that allow a user to access firstmode user commands.
 7. The defibrillator of claim 1, wherein theactuator comprises a latch and a bump.
 8. The defibrillator of claim 1,wherein the actuator activates the switch while the door is in a closedposition.
 9. The defibrillator of claim 1, wherein powering down thenpowering up the defibrillator returns the defibrillator to the firstmode.
 10. A defibrillator having a first mode and a second mode,comprising: a mode changing switch; and a door that is operably coupledto the switch, wherein the switch sends the defibrillator from the firstmode to the second mode when the door is opened, the defibrillatorremains in the second mode when the door is subsequently closed, and thedefibrillator returns to the first mode when the defibrillator ispowered down and then powered up.
 11. The defibrillator of claim 10,wherein the defibrillator returns to the first mode when thedefibrillator is powered down and then powered up with the with the doorin an open position.
 12. The defibrillator of claim 10, wherein the doorconceals second mode user commands.
 13. The defibrillator of claim 12,wherein the second mode user commands are push buttons.
 14. Thedefibrillator of claim 10, wherein the door has a first side, a secondside, first mode user commands located on the first side of the door,and second mode user commands located on the second side of the door.15. The defibrillator of claim 10, wherein the door has a plurality ofapertures that allow a user to access first mode user commands.
 16. Thedefibrillator of claim 10, wherein the first mode is an automaticexternal defibrillator (AED) mode and second mode is a manual mode. 17.An external defibrillator comprising: manual command buttons foroperating the defibrillator in a manual mode; automatic externaldefibrillator (AED) command buttons for operating the defibrillator inan AED mode; and a door coupled to the defibrillator that conceals saidmanual command buttons and allows a user to access said AED commandbuttons located behind the door when the door is in a closed position.18. The defibrillator of claim 17, further comprising a mode changingswitch covered by the door when the door is in the closed position. 19.The defibrillator of claim 18, wherein the door further comprises anactuator for giving access to the switch when the door is in the closedposition.
 20. The defibrillator of claim 18, wherein the switch isactivated when the door is opened.
 21. A method of using a defibrillatorhaving a mode changing door, the method comprising: placing thedefibrillator in a first mode based on power up of the defibrillator;placing the defibrillator in a second mode based on opening of the modechanging door; keeping the defibrillator in the second mode when themode changing door is closed while the defibrillator is in the secondmode; and returning the defibrillator to the first mode based onpowering down and then powering up of the defibrillator.
 22. The methodof claim 21, wherein returning the defibrillator to the first mode basedon powering down and then powering up the defibrillator comprisesreturning the defibrillator to the first mode based on powering down andthen powering up with the mode changing door in an open position. 23.The method of claim 21, wherein the first mode is an AED mode and thesecond mode is a manual mode.